Tire Size Calculator - Compare Dimensions, Speed & Performance

Calculate tire dimensions, compare sizes, analyze speedometer error, and understand performance impacts. Comprehensive tire size calculator with detailed fitment guidance and plus-sizing recommendations.

Skip to Results
Tire Size Calculator
Compare or analyze tire sizes, diameters, speedometer differences and more

Base Tire

Alternative Tire

Results
Detailed dimensions and differences

Enter tire sizes above to see detailed comparison results

Try using the quick presets for common tire size upgrades

Dimension Comparison
Visual comparison of tire dimensions
Calculation History
Recent calculations. Click a row to reapply
No history yet. Perform a calculation to see it here.

Pro Tip: When changing tire sizes, always verify clearance at full steering lock and suspension compression. A 3% diameter change is generally safe for most vehicles.

Understanding Tire Sizes

Tire sizing combines metric and imperial measurements in a standardized format that provides essential information about tire dimensions and construction. Understanding this system is crucial for selecting compatible tires, calculating performance changes, and ensuring safe vehicle operation. Proper tire sizing affects everything from vehicle performance to fuel economy and safety. Learn the key terminology and explore different calculation methods for accurate comparisons.

📏 Dimensions

Calculate diameter, circumference, sidewall height, and revolutions per mile for any tire size.

🚗 Speedometer

Determine speedometer error and actual speed when changing from original tire size.

⚙️ Performance

Understand impacts on acceleration, gearing, fuel economy, and handling characteristics.

✅ Fitment

Check clearance requirements and compatibility with your vehicle's specifications.

Tire Terminology and Specifications

Understanding tire specifications requires familiarity with industry terminology and measurement standards. These terms form the foundation for making informed tire selection decisions and ensuring proper vehicle fitment. Master these concepts to effectively compare tires for safety compliance and proper clearance.

  • Section Width: The tire's width from sidewall to sidewall in millimeters when mounted on the recommended rim width, measured without any load applied.

  • Aspect Ratio: The sidewall height expressed as a percentage of the section width. Lower ratios mean shorter sidewalls and typically sportier handling.

  • Construction Type: R indicates radial construction (most common), D indicates diagonal/bias-ply, B indicates belted bias construction.

  • Wheel Diameter: The diameter of the wheel rim in inches that the tire is designed to fit. Must match exactly for proper mounting.

  • Load Index: A numerical code indicating the maximum load capacity per tire when properly inflated. Higher numbers mean greater load capacity.

  • Speed Rating: A letter code indicating the maximum sustained speed capability under proper conditions (e.g., H=130mph, V=149mph, Z=149+mph).

💡 Common Tire Size Examples

225/45R17
Compact/Sports Car - Low profile performance tire
265/70R17
SUV/Truck - Higher sidewall for comfort
195/65R15
Economy Car - Balanced efficiency tire

Tire Size Calculation Methods

Our calculator uses industry-standard formulas to compute precise tire dimensions and performance characteristics. The comparison features help visualize differences between sizes, while speedometer calculations show real-world impacts. Understanding these calculations helps predict performance changes and ensure safe operation.

📐 Core Calculations

Dimensional Formulas:
  • Sidewall Height: Width × (Aspect Ratio ÷ 100)
  • Overall Diameter: (2 × Sidewall ÷ 25.4) + Rim Diameter
  • Circumference: Diameter × π (3.14159)
  • Revolutions/Mile: 63,360 ÷ Circumference
  • Contact Patch: Width × Load Factor
Applications:
  • Fitment verification and clearance checks
  • Speedometer error calculation
  • Gear ratio effect analysis
  • Performance impact assessment

🚗 Speed & Gearing

Speed Calculations:
  • Actual Speed: Indicated × (New Diameter ÷ OEM Diameter)
  • Speed Error %: ((New - OEM) ÷ OEM) × 100
  • Odometer Error: Same as speed error percentage
  • Effective Gear Ratio: Original × (OEM ÷ New Diameter)
  • RPM Change: Original × (New ÷ OEM Diameter)
Performance Effects:
  • Acceleration changes with effective gearing
  • Top speed potential modifications
  • Fuel economy impacts at cruise
  • Torque multiplication effects

🔄 Calculation Example

Converting from 225/50R17 to 235/45R18:
Original
25.86" diameter
New Size
26.33" diameter
Difference
+1.8% (within safe range)

Tire Size Comparison Guide

Comparing tire sizes reveals critical differences in dimensions, performance characteristics, and compatibility. Our calculator provides side-by-side comparisons showing percentage changes and real-world impacts. Understanding these differences helps ensure proper fitment and predict performance changes. Use the comparison data to make informed decisions about plus-sizing or alternative tire options.

🎯 Key Comparison Metrics

Diameter
Overall Height
Affects speedometer, gearing, clearance
Width
Contact Patch
Impacts traction, hydroplaning, fitment
Sidewall
Profile Height
Influences ride quality, handling
Revs/Mile
Rotation Count
Determines odometer accuracy

Diameter Differences and Impacts

Overall tire diameter is the most critical dimension affecting vehicle dynamics. Changes in diameter directly impact speedometer accuracy, effective gear ratios, and ground clearance. A 3% change is generally acceptable for most vehicles, though performance and luxury vehicles may require tighter tolerances. Understanding diameter effects helps predict changes in acceleration and fuel economy.

Larger Diameter Effects

  • • Higher actual speed than indicated
  • • Reduced acceleration (taller gearing)
  • • Potentially better highway fuel economy
  • • Increased ground clearance
  • • Higher load on drivetrain components

Smaller Diameter Effects

  • • Lower actual speed than indicated
  • • Improved acceleration (shorter gearing)
  • • Higher RPM at highway speeds
  • • Reduced ground clearance
  • • Quicker steering response

Performance Impacts of Tire Size Changes

Tire size changes affect virtually every aspect of vehicle performance, from acceleration and braking to fuel economy and handling. Understanding these impacts helps you make informed decisions balancing performance goals with practical considerations. Learn how different dimensions affect safety systems and explore plus-sizing options for optimized performance.

🏎️ Acceleration & Power

  • Torque Multiplication: Smaller tires increase wheel torque
  • 0-60 Times: Can change by 0.5+ seconds
  • Power Band: Affects optimal shift points
  • Towing Capacity: Larger tires reduce effective towing power

⛽ Fuel Economy

  • Rolling Resistance: Wider tires increase fuel consumption
  • Weight Impact: Heavier tires reduce efficiency
  • Aerodynamics: Taller tires may increase drag
  • Highway Cruising: Larger diameter can improve MPG

🎯 Handling & Braking

  • Steering Response: Lower profiles improve precision
  • Cornering Grip: Wider tires increase lateral g-forces
  • Braking Distance: Affected by tire weight and diameter
  • Ride Quality: Higher sidewalls absorb more impact

📊 Performance Change Guidelines

+10mm Width
~2% MPG loss, better dry grip
-10% Aspect
Sharper steering, rougher ride
+1" Diameter
~3% slower acceleration
+20lbs Weight
Noticeable performance impact

Fitment and Clearance Considerations

Proper fitment requires checking multiple clearance points throughout the suspension travel and steering range. Even if diameter changes are within acceptable limits, width and offset changes can cause interference. Always verify clearance under all operating conditions before finalizing tire selections. Consider safety requirements and review common fitment mistakes.

🔍 Critical Clearance Points

Inner Fender Liner: Check at full compression
Outer Fender Lip: Test at full steering lock
Suspension Components: Struts, control arms, sway bars
Brake Lines & ABS Sensors: Maintain safe distances
Frame & Body: Check pinch welds and seams

🛠️ Fitment Solutions

Rolling Fenders: Gain 5-10mm clearance
Adjusting Camber: Tuck wheel under fender
Spacers/Adapters: Modify wheel position
Suspension Modifications: Adjust ride height
Trimming Liners: Last resort for minor rubbing

Plus Sizing Guide and Recommendations

Plus sizing involves increasing wheel diameter while decreasing tire sidewall height to maintain similar overall diameter. This popular modification improves handling and aesthetics but affects ride quality and durability. Understanding plus sizing principles helps achieve desired performance while maintaining safety standards and avoiding common pitfalls.

🎯 Plus Sizing Options

Plus Zero
Wider tire, same wheel size for more grip
Plus One
1" larger wheel, common performance upgrade
Plus Two
2" larger wheel, aggressive appearance
Plus Three
3" larger wheel, extreme low-profile setup

✅ Plus Sizing Benefits

Improved Handling: Reduced sidewall flex
Better Braking: Larger brake clearance
Enhanced Appearance: Modern, aggressive look
Steering Response: More direct feedback

ℹ️ Considerations

Ride Quality: Becomes progressively harsher
Pothole Damage: Increased wheel/tire vulnerability
Weight Increase: Larger wheels are heavier
Cost: Low-profile tires more expensive

📊 Sizing Examples

Stock: 205/55R16 (25.9" dia)
Plus One: 215/45R17 (25.6" dia)
Plus Two: 225/40R18 (25.9" dia)
Plus Three: 235/35R19 (25.5" dia)

Safety Considerations and Load Ratings

Safety must be the primary consideration when changing tire sizes. Load ratings, speed ratings, and proper inflation are critical for safe operation. Vehicle safety systems like ABS, traction control, and stability control are calibrated for specific tire sizes. Understanding these factors helps ensure safe modifications while achieving performance goals. Review common safety mistakes to avoid dangerous situations.

⚠️ Critical Safety Parameters

📊
Load Index must meet or exceed OEM specifications
🏎️
Speed Rating appropriate for vehicle capability
🔧
Proper inflation pressure for load and conditions
🚫
Never exceed manufacturer's maximum ratings

🔢 Load Index Guide

  • 91: 1,356 lbs per tire (compact cars)
  • 94: 1,477 lbs per tire (mid-size sedans)
  • 98: 1,653 lbs per tire (SUVs)
  • 104: 1,984 lbs per tire (light trucks)
  • XL: Extra Load reinforced construction

🏁 Speed Rating Chart

  • T: 118 mph (standard touring)
  • H: 130 mph (sport touring)
  • V: 149 mph (high performance)
  • W: 168 mph (ultra high performance)
  • Y: 186 mph (extreme performance)

Common Tire Sizing Mistakes to Avoid

Learning from common mistakes helps ensure successful tire size changes. These errors range from minor inconveniences to serious safety hazards. Understanding what to avoid saves time, money, and potential vehicle damage while achieving desired performance improvements.

❌ Critical Mistakes

Ignoring load ratings: Can cause tire failure
Mismatched sizes on AWD: Damages differentials
Extreme diameter changes: Unsafe speedometer error
Wrong wheel width: Improper bead seating
Overlooking clearance: Tire damage from rubbing

✅ Best Practices

Calculate before buying: Use our calculator first
Check all specifications: Load, speed, size ratings
Test fit one wheel: Before buying full set
Document OEM specs: Keep for reference
Professional installation: Ensure proper mounting

Installation and Maintenance Tips

Proper installation and regular maintenance are essential for maximizing tire performance and lifespan. Professional installation ensures correct mounting, balancing, and torque specifications, while regular maintenance helps identify issues early and maintain optimal performance. Following manufacturer guidelines and best practices prevents premature wear and ensures safe operation throughout the tire's service life.

🔧 Installation Guidelines

Balance all wheels to prevent vibration
Torque lug nuts to specification in star pattern
Reset TPMS sensors if diameter changed significantly
Perform alignment after installation

🔄 Maintenance Schedule

Check pressure weekly when changing sizes
Rotate every 5,000-8,000 miles
Inspect for uneven wear patterns monthly
Verify clearance after suspension settling

Advanced Tire Size Considerations

Beyond basic sizing, advanced considerations include tire construction, compound selection, and application-specific requirements. Racing, off-roading, and extreme weather conditions each demand specialized tire characteristics. Understanding these factors helps optimize tire selection for specific use cases while maintaining safety and performance standards.

Modern tire technology continues evolving with innovations in compounds, construction methods, and tread designs. Run-flat technology, noise reduction features, and eco-friendly materials expand options for customization. Staying informed about technological advances helps make better long-term tire investment decisions while achieving desired performance characteristics.

Key Takeaways for Tire Size Selection

Tire size changes affect every aspect of vehicle performance, from speedometer accuracy to fuel economy. Understanding the calculation methods and using our calculator ensures informed decisions. Keep diameter changes within 3% for most vehicles to maintain safe operation and avoid extensive modifications.

Proper fitment verification requires checking clearance at all suspension and steering positions. Consider wheel width, offset, and vehicle-specific requirements. Plus sizing improves handling but reduces ride comfort - balance your priorities carefully.

Safety must be the primary consideration when changing tire sizes. Maintain or exceed OEM load and speed ratings, verify compatibility with safety systems, and ensure proper inflation. AWD and 4WD vehicles require special attention to diameter matching to prevent drivetrain damage.

Performance impacts vary with tire dimensions - wider tires improve grip but reduce fuel economy, while diameter changes affect acceleration and gearing. Consider your driving style, vehicle use, and local conditions when selecting sizes. Document OEM specifications and avoid common mistakes for successful modifications.

Frequently Asked Questions

The first number (225) is the section width in millimeters. The second number (45) is the aspect ratio (sidewall height as a percentage of width). The letter R indicates radial construction. The last number (17) is the wheel diameter in inches. Some tires also include load index and speed rating after the size, like 225/45R17 94Y.
A diameter change within ±3% of the original is generally considered safe for most vehicles. Larger deviations may affect speedometer accuracy, ABS/traction control, ride quality, and gearing. Performance vehicles may require tighter tolerances (±1-2%), while trucks and SUVs can sometimes handle larger variations.
Speedometers are calibrated for a specific tire diameter. A larger diameter travels farther per revolution, making your actual speed higher than indicated. A smaller diameter does the opposite. The error percentage equals the diameter change percentage - a 5% larger tire means you're going 5% faster than indicated.
P-metric tires (starting with 'P' like P225/45R17) are designed to Tire and Rim Association standards primarily for passenger vehicles. Euro-metric tires (no P prefix) follow ETRTO standards and often have slightly higher load capacities. LT (Light Truck) sizing uses different standards altogether with higher load ratings.
Plus-sizing (increasing wheel diameter while decreasing sidewall height) improves steering response, cornering stability, and brake cooling, but reduces ride comfort and pothole resistance. Plus-one (1 inch larger wheels) is common, plus-two is aggressive, and plus-three or more significantly impacts ride quality and requires careful clearance checking.
Wider tires provide more contact patch area, improving dry traction and cornering grip. However, they're more prone to hydroplaning, increase rolling resistance (reducing fuel economy), may cause rubbing issues, and can make steering heavier. The optimal width depends on vehicle weight, power, and intended use.
Multiply the indicated speed by your tire size ratio: Actual Speed = Indicated Speed × (New Tire Diameter ÷ Original Diameter). For example, if your new tires are 5% larger in diameter, when your speedometer shows 60 mph, you're actually traveling 63 mph (60 × 1.05).
Larger diameter tires effectively create taller gearing, reducing acceleration but potentially improving highway fuel economy. Smaller tires have the opposite effect. A 10% diameter increase has roughly the same effect as changing from 3.73 to 3.36 rear gears. This impacts towing capacity and performance significantly.
Significant tire size changes may void certain warranty coverage, particularly for drivetrain components. Insurance companies may consider extreme modifications when assessing claims. Always document OEM specifications and consult your dealer about warranty implications before making substantial changes.
Check the load index on your original tires and ensure replacements meet or exceed this rating. The load index is a numerical code (like 94) indicating maximum load capacity. Never install tires with lower load ratings than OEM specifications, especially on trucks or when towing. Consider XL (Extra Load) rated tires for heavy vehicles.
Different tire sizes may require adjusted pressures for optimal performance. Larger volume tires might need slightly lower pressure for the same load, while low-profile tires often require higher pressures. Always start with the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations and adjust based on wear patterns and handling characteristics.
AWD systems are very sensitive to tire diameter differences between axles. Even 1/4 inch difference in diameter can damage differentials and transfer cases. All four tires should ideally be identical in size and tread depth. Some systems tolerate front-to-rear differences better than side-to-side variations.

Related Automotive Calculators